Fabhtcheartú na braisle PostgreSQL
Faisnéis
Ní mór an nós imeachta ar fad a leanúint mar root. Chun do phribhléidí a ardú go root, is féidir leat an t-ordú su - a úsáid.
D'fhéadfadh cúiseanna éagsúla a bheith le hearráidí ceangail le bunachar sonraí na braisle PostgreSQL de chuid CyberElements Bastion. Cuireann an chaibidil seo modh ginearálta fabhtcheartaithe i láthair, le cur in oiriúint do do chás féin.
Stádas na braisle a sheiceáil
Faisnéis
Má sheiceálann tú stádas na braisle, aimseofar go tapa an nód nó na nóid atá ag teip.
Is féidir leat stádas na braisle a sheiceáil leis an ordú seo a leanas, le rith ar gach nód den bhraisle PostgreSQL:
| patronictl -c /etc/patroni/config.yml topology
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Sampla d'aschur ar ardán atá ag feidhmiú
| + Cluster: 15-cleanroomvault5 ------+---------+---------+----+-----------+
| Member | Host | Role | State | TL | Lag in MB |
+------------------+----------------+---------+---------+----+-----------+
| PSQL_3 | psql_3 | Leader | running | 2 | |
| + PSQL_1 | psql_1 | Replica | running | 2 | 0 |
| + PSQL_2 | psql_2 | Replica | running | 2 | 0 |
+------------------+----------------+---------+---------+----+-----------+
|
Replica, agus tá gach nód sa liosta, leis an stádas running. Ní mór duit an t-aschur seo a fháil ar gach nód chun a dhearbhú go bhfuil patroni agus etcd ag obair.
Sampla d'aschur nuair atá fadhb chumarsáide idir na nóid
| + Cluster: 15-cleanroomvault5 ------+---------+---------+----+-----------+
| Member | Host | Role | State | TL | Lag in MB |
+------------------+----------------+---------+---------+----+-----------+
| PSQL_3 | psql_3 | Leader | running | 2 | |
| + PSQL_1 | psql_1 | Replica | running | 2 | 230 |
| + PSQL_2 | psql_2 | Replica | running | 2 | 0 |
+------------------+----------------+---------+---------+----+-----------+
|
Má leanann an fhadhb ar aghaidh tar éis roinnt uaireanta an chloig, dearbhaíonn sé sin é.
Sampla d'aschur nuair nach bhfuil nód tosaithe nó stoptha i gceart
| + Cluster: 15-cleanroomvault5 ------+---------+---------+----+-----------+
| Member | Host | Role | State | TL | Lag in MB |
+------------------+----------------+---------+---------+----+-----------+
| PSQL_3 | psql_3 | Leader | running | 2 | |
| + PSQL_1 | psql_1 | Replica | started | 2 | unknown |
| + PSQL_2 | psql_2 | Replica | stopped | 2 | unknown |
+------------------+----------------+---------+---------+----+-----------+
|
State) go bhfuil nód 1 ag tosú. Má fhanann an stádas started ar feadh roinnt nóiméad, nó fiú roinnt uaireanta an chloig, d'fhéadfadh fadhb a bheith le patroni nó le etcd ar an nód sin.
Tá nód 2 sa staid stopped: tá sé stoptha. Nuair a theipeann ar nód den bhraisle, ní thaispeántar an fhaisnéis seo ach go sealadach, sula mbaintear an nód den liosta.
Sampla d'aschur nuair a theipeann ar etcd ar an nód reatha
| 2026-04-09 16:21:39,482 - WARNING - Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=0, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection object at 0x7fcaa1618390>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 111] Connection refused')': /version
2026-04-09 16:21:39,482 - WARNING - Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=0, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection object at 0x7fcaa1618c10>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 111] Connection refused')': /version
2026-04-09 16:21:39,483 - ERROR - Failed to get list of machines from https://PSQL_3:2379/v2: MaxRetryError("HTTPSConnectionPool(host='psql_3', port=2379): Max retries exceeded with url: /version (Caused by NewConnectionError('<urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection object at 0x7fcaa1619490>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 111] Connection refused'))")
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etcd, a chuireann cosc ar stádas na braisle PostgreSQL a fháil.
Sampla d'aschur nuair atá ceann de na nóid díshioncrónaithe
| + Cluster: 15-cleanroomvault5 ------+---------+---------+----+-----------+
| Member | Host | Role | State | TL | Lag in MB |
+------------------+----------------+---------+---------+----+-----------+
| PSQL_3 | psql_3 | Leader | running | 3 | |
| + PSQL_1 | psql_1 | Replica | running | 2 | 230 |
| + PSQL_2 | psql_2 | Replica | running | 3 | 0 |
+------------------+----------------+---------+---------+----+-----------+
|
PSQL_1 ar an TL céanna leis na nóid eile a thuilleadh. Le go n-oibreoidh an bhraisle, ní mór do gach nód a bheith ar an TL céanna: léiríonn difríocht go bhfuil ceann de na nóid díshioncrónaithe.
Chun an fhadhb seo a réiteach, lean an nós imeachta díshioncrónú nóid.
Stádas na seirbhísí a sheiceáil
Nuair a bheidh an nód atá ag teip aitheanta, ní mór duit an tseirbhís a bhfuil mífheidhm uirthi a aithint. Is iad patroni agus etcd an dá phríomhsheirbhís a úsáidtear ar an mbraisle PostgreSQL.
Faisnéis
Braitheann an tseirbhís patroni ar an tseirbhís etcd: mura bhfuil etcd ag obair, ní oibreoidh patroni ach oiread.
Chun an tseirbhís atá ag teip a aithint, is féidir leat na horduithe seo a leanas a rith:
| systemctl status etcd
systemctl status patroni
|
Tugann na horduithe seo stádas na seirbhíse, mar aon le 10 líne dheireanacha a loga.
Rabhadh
Ní gá go bhfuil seirbhís a bhfuil an stádas active (running) aici ag obair: is féidir léi a bheith ag rith agus logaí earráide á scríobh aici. Dá bhrí sin, tá sé tábhachtach logaí na seirbhíse a léamh chun a staid iarbhír a thuiscint.
Sampla d'aschur do etcd nuair atá an tseirbhís ag obair
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22 | ● etcd.service - etcd - highly-available key value store
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service; enabled; preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2026-04-09 16:40:01 CEST; 21h ago
Docs: https://etcd.io/docs
man:etcd
Main PID: 283425 (etcd)
Tasks: 7 (limit: 2227)
Memory: 73.2M
CPU: 51min 9.223s
CGroup: /system.slice/etcd.service
└─283425 /usr/bin/etcd
Apr 10 09:26:31 PSQL_1 etcd[283425]: store.index: compact 1624026
Apr 10 09:26:31 PSQL_1 etcd[283425]: finished scheduled compaction at 1624026 (took 325.098µs)
Apr 10 10:26:31 PSQL_1 etcd[283425]: store.index: compact 1624386
Apr 10 10:26:31 PSQL_1 etcd[283425]: finished scheduled compaction at 1624386 (took 417.797µs)
Apr 10 11:26:31 PSQL_1 etcd[283425]: store.index: compact 1624746
Apr 10 11:26:31 PSQL_1 etcd[283425]: finished scheduled compaction at 1624746 (took 1.706489ms)
Apr 10 12:26:31 PSQL_1 etcd[283425]: store.index: compact 1625106
Apr 10 12:26:31 PSQL_1 etcd[283425]: finished scheduled compaction at 1625106 (took 300.098µs)
Apr 10 13:26:31 PSQL_1 etcd[283425]: store.index: compact 1625466
Apr 10 13:26:31 PSQL_1 etcd[283425]: finished scheduled compaction at 1625466 (took 311.398µs)
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Sampla d'aschur do etcd nuair atá earráid ar an tseirbhís
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20 | × etcd.service - etcd - highly-available key value store
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service; enabled; preset: enabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Fri 2026-04-10 14:15:26 CEST; 5s ago
Duration: 21h 35min 20.382s
Docs: https://etcd.io/docs
man:etcd
Process: 454701 ExecStart=/usr/bin/etcd $DAEMON_ARGS (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
Main PID: 454701 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
CPU: 12ms
Apr 10 14:15:26 PSQL_1 etcd[454701]: [WARNING] Deprecated '--logger=capnslog' flag is set; use '--logger=zap' flag instead
Apr 10 14:15:26 PSQL_1 etcd[454701]: etcd Version: 3.4.23
Apr 10 14:15:26 PSQL_1 etcd[454701]: Git SHA: Not provided (use ./build instead of go build)
Apr 10 14:15:26 PSQL_1 etcd[454701]: Go Version: go1.19.8
Apr 10 14:15:26 PSQL_1 etcd[454701]: Go OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Apr 10 14:15:26 PSQL_1 etcd[454701]: setting maximum number of CPUs to 1, total number of available CPUs is 1
Apr 10 14:15:26 PSQL_1 etcd[454701]: error listing data dir: /var/lib/etcd/cleanroom
Apr 10 14:15:26 PSQL_1 systemd[1]: etcd.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Apr 10 14:15:26 PSQL_1 systemd[1]: etcd.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Apr 10 14:15:26 PSQL_1 systemd[1]: Failed to start etcd.service - etcd - highly-available key value store.
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failed ag an tseirbhís etcd, agus is í an earráid ar líne 17 an earráid a chuir cosc uirthi tosú: ní féidir leis an tseirbhís ábhar na comhadlainne /var/lib/etcd/cleanroom a léamh. Sa chás seo, coigeartaigh na ceadanna ar an gcomhadlann.
Sampla d'aschur do patroni nuair atá an tseirbhís ag obair
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29 | ● patroni.service - Runners to orchestrate a high-availability PostgreSQL
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/patroni.service; enabled; preset: enabled)
Drop-In: /etc/systemd/system/patroni.service.d
└─local.conf
Active: active (running) since Thu 2026-04-09 16:40:06 CEST; 22h ago
Process: 283510 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/testetcd.py (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 283517 (patroni)
Tasks: 13 (limit: 2227)
Memory: 56.1M
CPU: 26min 54.918s
CGroup: /system.slice/patroni.service
├─283517 /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/patroni /etc/patroni/config.yml
├─283537 /usr/lib/postgresql/15/bin/postgres -D /var/lib/postgresql/15/cleanroomvault5 --config-file=/etc/postgresql/15/cleanroomvault5/postgresql.conf"--listen_addresses=*" --port=5432 --cluster_name=15-cleanroomvault5 --wal_level=replica --hot_standby=on --max_connections=100 --max_wal_senders=10--max_prepared_transactions=0 --max_locks_per_transaction=64 --track_commit_timestamp=off --max_replication_slots=10 --max_worker_processes=8 --wal_log_hints=on
├─283538 "postgres: 15-cleanroomvault5: logger "
├─283540 "postgres: 15-cleanroomvault5: checkpointer "
├─283541 "postgres: 15-cleanroomvault5: background writer "
├─283542 "postgres: 15-cleanroomvault5: startup recovering 00000003000000000000000F"
├─283545 "postgres: 15-cleanroomvault5: walreceiver "
└─283547 "postgres: 15-cleanroomvault5: postgres postgres [local] idle"
Apr 10 14:51:07 PSQL_1 patroni[283517]: 2026-04-10 14:51:07,381 INFO: no action. I am (PSQL_1), a secondary, and following a leader (PSQL_2)
Apr 10 14:51:17 PSQL_1 patroni[283517]: 2026-04-10 14:51:17,428 INFO: no action. I am (PSQL_1), a secondary, and following a leader (PSQL_2)
Apr 10 14:51:27 PSQL_1 patroni[283517]: 2026-04-10 14:51:27,381 INFO: no action. I am (PSQL_1), a secondary, and following a leader (PSQL_2)
Apr 10 14:51:37 PSQL_1 patroni[283517]: 2026-04-10 14:51:37,428 INFO: no action. I am (PSQL_1), a secondary, and following a leader (PSQL_2)
Apr 10 14:51:47 PSQL_1 patroni[283517]: 2026-04-10 14:51:47,381 INFO: no action. I am (PSQL_1), a secondary, and following a leader (PSQL_2)
Apr 10 14:51:57 PSQL_1 patroni[283517]: 2026-04-10 14:51:57,428 INFO: no action. I am (PSQL_1), a secondary, and following a leader (PSQL_2)
Apr 10 14:52:07 PSQL_1 patroni[283517]: 2026-04-10 14:52:07,381 INFO: no action. I am (PSQL_1), a secondary, and following a leader (PSQL_2)
Apr 10 14:52:17 PSQL_1 patroni[283517]: 2026-04-10 14:52:17,428 INFO: no action. I am (PSQL_1), a secondary, and following a leader (PSQL_2)
Apr 10 14:52:27 PSQL_1 patroni[283517]: 2026-04-10 14:52:27,381 INFO: no action. I am (PSQL_1), a secondary, and following a leader (PSQL_2)
Apr 10 14:52:37 PSQL_1 patroni[283517]: 2026-04-10 14:52:37,474 INFO: no action. I am (PSQL_1), a secondary, and following a leader (PSQL_2)
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Sampla d'aschur do patroni nuair atá earráid ar an tseirbhís
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29 | ● patroni.service - Runners to orchestrate a high-availability PostgreSQL
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/patroni.service; enabled; preset: enabled)
Drop-In: /etc/systemd/system/patroni.service.d
└─local.conf
Active: active (running) since Thu 2026-04-09 16:40:06 CEST; 23h ago
Process: 283510 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/testetcd.py (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 283517 (patroni)
Tasks: 12 (limit: 2227)
Memory: 61.7M
CPU: 28min 8.337s
CGroup: /system.slice/patroni.service
├─283517 /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/patroni /etc/patroni/config.yml
├─283537 /usr/lib/postgresql/15/bin/postgres -D /var/lib/postgresql/15/cleanroomvault5 --config-file=/etc/postgresql/15/cleanroomvault5/postgresql.conf "--listen_addresses=*" --port=5432 --cluster_name=15-cleanroomvault5 --wal_level=replica --hot_standby=on --max_connections=100 --max_wal_senders=10 --max_prepared_transactions=0 --max_locks_per_transaction=64 --track_commit_timestamp=off --max_replication_slots=10 --max_worker_processes=8 --wal_log_hints=on
├─283538 "postgres: 15-cleanroomvault5: logger "
├─283540 "postgres: 15-cleanroomvault5: checkpointer "
├─283541 "postgres: 15-cleanroomvault5: background writer "
├─283542 "postgres: 15-cleanroomvault5: startup recovering 00000003000000000000000F"
└─283547 "postgres: 15-cleanroomvault5: postgres postgres [local] idle"
Apr 10 15:52:37 PSQL_1 patroni[283517]: 2026-04-10 15:52:37,680 WARNING: Loop time exceeded, rescheduling immediately.
Apr 10 15:52:41 PSQL_1 patroni[283517]: 2026-04-10 15:52:37,681 INFO: Lock owner: PSQL_2; I am PSQL_1
Apr 10 15:52:41 PSQL_1 patroni[283517]: 2026-04-10 15:52:41,069 ERROR: Request to server https://PSQL_3:2379 failed: ReadTimeoutError("HTTPSConnectionPool(host='psql_3', port=2379): Read timed out. (read timeout=3.3331721344341836)")
Apr 10 15:52:41 PSQL_1 patroni[283517]: 2026-04-10 15:52:41,069 INFO: Reconnection allowed, looking for another server.
Apr 10 15:52:41 PSQL_1 patroni[283517]: 2026-04-10 15:52:41,069 INFO: Retrying on https://PSQL_1:2379
Apr 10 15:52:41 PSQL_1 patroni[283517]: 2026-04-10 15:52:41,073 ERROR: Request to server https://PSQL_1:2379 failed: MaxRetryError("HTTPSConnectionPool(host='psql_1', port=2379): Max retries exceeded with url: /v3/lease/keepalive (Caused by NewConnectionError('<urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection object at 0x7fd77c411090>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 111] Connection refused'))")
Apr 10 15:52:41 PSQL_1 patroni[283517]: 2026-04-10 15:52:41,073 INFO: Reconnection allowed, looking for another server.
Apr 10 15:52:41 PSQL_1 patroni[283517]: 2026-04-10 15:52:41,073 INFO: Retrying on https://PSQL_2:2379
Apr 10 15:52:41 PSQL_1 patroni[283517]: 2026-04-10 15:52:41,074 ERROR: Request to server https://PSQL_2:2379 failed: MaxRetryError("HTTPSConnectionPool(host='psql_2', port=2379): Max retries exceeded with url: /v3/lease/keepalive (Caused by NewConnectionError('<urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection object at 0x7fd77c411090>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 111] Connection refused'))")
Apr 10 15:52:41 PSQL_1 patroni[283517]: 2026-04-10 15:52:41,074 INFO: Reconnection allowed, looking for another server.
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active (running) ag an tseirbhís gan í a bheith ag obair i ndáiríre: taispeánann na logaí earráidí éagsúla ceangail le etcd, a bhfuil patroni ag brath air.
Sa sampla seo, ní gá gurb é patroni is cúis leis an bhfadhb: ós rud é go mbraitheann sé ar etcd, réitigh na fadhbanna le etcd ar dtús, agus ansin seiceáil stádas patroni arís.
Nósanna imeachta fabhtcheartaithe na seirbhísí
Thíos tá nós imeachta fabhtcheartaithe amháin in aghaidh na seirbhíse. Má tá mífheidhm ar etcd agus ar patroni araon, tosaigh le etcd.